Can lexapro cause microscopic colitis - Drug features. Lexapro is prescribed to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Zoloft is prescribed to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and several other mental health ...

 
Citalopram belongs to the class of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). A common brand name for citalopram is Celexa®. Escitalopram contains the same active medication as citalopram. These two drugs act in the body in a very similar way. Escitalopram is used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder. . Chicopercent27s outlet pants

Microscopic colitis. Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory disease of the colon that causes chronic, watery, non-bloody diarrhoea. 1 Patients often experience between 4 and 9 watery stools per day, but in rare cases, this number can exceed 15. 1,2. Whilst the origin of microscopic colitis is largely unknown, it is likely to be multifactorial.How to take it. The way to take this medicine is: Oral. This medicine is taken by mouth. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 3 Years. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 2 Years. You should seek medical advice in relation to medicines and use only as directed by a healthcare professional. Always read the label.The mix of alcohol and Lexapro can lead to more side effects than from taking Lexapro by itself. Together, the two can make you feel: Drowsy. Less alert. Less coordinated. In extreme cases ... May 11, 2023 · That risk may continue for up to six years. There are many reasons why this may occur. One of Lexapro's weight gain mechanisms is that it increases serotonin levels, and serotonin plays a role in weight control. Additionally, Lexapro may increase your appetite, which usually leads to eating more and gaining weight. Lexapro can cause mild or serious side effects. The following lists contain some of the key side effects that may occur while taking Lexapro. These lists do not include all possible side effects.A flexible-dose trial of Lexapro (10 to 20 mg/day) demonstrated the effectiveness of Lexapro [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. If the dose is increased to 20 mg, this should occur after a minimum of three weeks. Adults . The recommended dose of Lexapro is 10 mg on ce daily. A fixed-dose trial of Lexapro de monstrated the effectiveness of both 10 Mar 30, 2022 · Lexapro can sometimes cause episodes of mania, especially for patients with undiagnosed bipolar disorder. Panic attacks : Common symptoms of a panic attack include chest pain , shortness of breath , hyperventilation, trembling or shakiness, nausea , and sweating. The phase IV clinical study analyzes which people take Lexapro and have Ulcerative colitis. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 75,368 people who have side effects when taking Lexapro from the FDA, and is updated regularly. You can use the study as a second opinion to make health care decisions. Lexapro Pill Images. Note: Multiple pictures are displayed for those medicines available in different strengths, marketed under different brand names and for medicines manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies. Multi-ingredient medications may also be listed when applicable. What does Lexapro look like?Mar 11, 2009 · Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours. Aug 20, 2022 · Escitalopram is a prescription drug used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Side effects may include taste alterations, shaking, fever, weight loss, weight gain, and headache. Learn drug interactions, dosage, and pregnancy and breastfeeding safety information. Lexapro can sometimes cause episodes of mania, especially for patients with undiagnosed bipolar disorder. Panic attacks : Common symptoms of a panic attack include chest pain , shortness of breath , hyperventilation, trembling or shakiness, nausea , and sweating.No additional benefits at 20 mg/day. May cause or exacerbate sexual dysfunction. Gradually taper dose before discontinuation; abrupt discontinuation may cause dysphoric mood, dizziness, sensory disturbances, agitation, confusion, anxiety, headache, insomnia, tinnitus, seizures, irritability. How to take it. The way to take this medicine is: Oral. This medicine is taken by mouth. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 3 Years. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 2 Years. You should seek medical advice in relation to medicines and use only as directed by a healthcare professional. Always read the label.Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory pathology of the bowel diagnosed predominantly in older patients. MC is a cause of chronic watery, non-bloody diarrhea, that affects the older patients, mostly women, and leads to impaired health-related quality of life.Oct 20, 2022 · Although it is rare, Lexapro may cause severe allergic reactions, which can result in: trouble breathing. wheezing. swelling of the face, tongue, mouth, or throat. itching. rash, hives, or ... Lexapro has an average rating of 7.5 out of 10 from a total of 2283 ratings on Drugs.com. 68% of reviewers reported a positive effect, while 16% reported a negative effect. Trintellix has an average rating of 5.9 out of 10 from a total of 1084 ratings on Drugs.com. 47% of reviewers reported a positive effect, while 34% reported a negative effect.May 6, 2009 · Posted 5/6/2009 10:10 PM (GMT -8) Up until 2002 my bowel motions were normal, then I started taking Paxil in 2002 and almost immediately my bowel motions changed. I had more gas and bloating and the stool moved quicker through my intestine. It didnt worry me too much but now i have UC I'm wondering if the anti-depressant was the original cause. Serotonin is responsible for many behaviors, including regulating mood, fear, stress response, appetite, addiction, and sexuality. 3. Lexapro is a part of the SSRI drug family that includes other medications like citalopram (Celexa), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft). Lexapro is the brand name for the active drug escitalopram.The mix of alcohol and Lexapro can lead to more side effects than from taking Lexapro by itself. Together, the two can make you feel: Drowsy. Less alert. Less coordinated. In extreme cases ... Citalopram belongs to the class of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). A common brand name for citalopram is Celexa®. Escitalopram contains the same active medication as citalopram. These two drugs act in the body in a very similar way. Escitalopram is used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.There is no specific time that is best to take it. However, a person experiencing insomnia may want to schedule Lexapro for the morning. Lexapro, the brand name for the antidepressant escitalopram ...Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours.Lexapro and some medicines may interact with each other, may not work as well, or may cause serious side effects. Your healthcare provider or pharmacist can tell you if it is safe to take Lexapro with your other medicines. Do not start or stop any medicine while taking Lexapro without talking to your healthcare provider first. Mar 11, 2009 · Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours. Jan 17, 2023 · Escitalopram (Lexapro) is available as both a tablet and a liquid. Some people notice an improvement in their condition as early as a week after they start treatment. Some common side effects of escitalopram (Lexapro) include nausea, trouble sleeping, and drowsiness. For some people, these side effects go away or lessen over time. A flexible-dose trial of Lexapro (10 to 20 mg/day) demonstrated the effectiveness of Lexapro [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. If the dose is increased to 20 mg, this should occur after a minimum of three weeks. Adults . The recommended dose of Lexapro is 10 mg once daily. A fixed-dose trial of Lexapro demonstrated the effectiveness of both 10 mg The most common effect of Lexapro is an improvement in mood. However, it’s still possible to experience side effects. Common side effects include: Decreased energy levels. Trouble sleeping. Decreased sex drive (difficulty with orgasm, loss of interest in sexual intercourse) Constipation or diarrhea. Dry mouth.The mix of alcohol and Lexapro can lead to more side effects than from taking Lexapro by itself. Together, the two can make you feel: Drowsy. Less alert. Less coordinated. In extreme cases ...Lexapro has an average rating of 7.5 out of 10 from a total of 2283 ratings on Drugs.com. 68% of reviewers reported a positive effect, while 16% reported a negative effect. Trintellix has an average rating of 5.9 out of 10 from a total of 1084 ratings on Drugs.com. 47% of reviewers reported a positive effect, while 34% reported a negative effect.Dec 12, 2022 · Lexapro can cause night sweats and increased sweating overall (night and day) was one of the most common side effects reported with Lexapro, reported by 3% to 8% (depending on the dose) of people. Although night sweats can be worrisome, they usually diminish with time as your body and brain adjust to the medication. Continue reading Nov 8, 2021 · Initial dose: 10 mg orally once a day; increase if necessary after at least 1 week of treatment to 20 mg once a day. Maintenance dose: 10 to 20 mg orally once a day. Maximum dose: 20 mg orally once a day. Comments: Acute episodes may require several months or longer of sustained pharmacological therapy beyond response to the acute episode. Lexapro (escitalopram) and Paxil (paroxetine) are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants used to treat depression. Lexapro is also used to treat anxiety disorders. Side effects of Lexapro and Paxil that are similar include nausea, headaches, diarrhea, difficulty sleeping (insomnia), drowsiness, dry mouth, increased sweating, and changes in appetite.Lexapro is the trademark name for the generic drug escitalopram, an antidepressant medication. Like Zoloft (sertraline), it is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that was introduced in the late 1980s. Available in pill or liquid form, it's prescribed to treat a variety of mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety.How to take it. The way to take this medicine is: Oral. This medicine is taken by mouth. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 3 Years. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 2 Years. You should seek medical advice in relation to medicines and use only as directed by a healthcare professional. Always read the label.Lexapro© (generic escitalopram) is a widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drug. Lexapro was FDA-approved for the treatment of MDD (major depressive disorder) and GAD (generalized anxiety disorder). SSRIs are also prescribed off-label for a wide variety of conditions such as OCD, PTSD, panic attacks, premenstrual dysphoria ...Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours.Drug features. Lexapro is prescribed to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Zoloft is prescribed to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and several other mental health ...Drug features. Lexapro is prescribed to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Zoloft is prescribed to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and several other mental health ...Background. Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon, predominantly subdivided into collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC). Microscopic colitis typically presents as chronic, nonbloody diarrhea with an endoscopically and radiologically normal colon but which demonstrates inflammatory changes on ...Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours.Best time of day: Take Lexapro in the morning or evening. Wellbutrin XL should be taken in the morning. Wellbutrin SR and immediate-release bupropion are typically taken twice daily, in the morning, afternoon, or evening. However, evening doses should not be taken too close to bedtime since they can cause insomnia.Nov 12, 2022 · Lexapro© (generic escitalopram) is a widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drug. Lexapro was FDA-approved for the treatment of MDD (major depressive disorder) and GAD (generalized anxiety disorder). SSRIs are also prescribed off-label for a wide variety of conditions such as OCD, PTSD, panic attacks, premenstrual dysphoria ... 6. Try intermittent fasting. For people who have come off medication, intermittent fasting can be an effective way to lose weight, provided it’s recommended by your doctors. “I usually suggest ...Lustral is otherwise known as Zoloft. I did a medication search for Zoloft and colitis. Here is a list of known side effects from the Drug Information Handbook: >10%: Central nervous system: Insomnia, somnolence, dizziness, headache, fatigue. Gastrointestinal: Xerostomia, diarrhea, nausea. Genitourinary: Ejaculatory disturbances.swelling of your face, tongue, eyes, or mouth. rash, itchy welts ( hives ), or blisters (alone or with fever or joint pain) Hives. seizures or convulsions. suicidal thoughts and behaviors ...clumsiness or unsteadiness. hair loss or thinning of the hair. increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight. lack or loss of strength. red irritated eyes. red skin lesions, often with a purple center. redness or other discoloration of the skin. severe sunburn. Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients.Precautions. It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to allow for changes in your dose and to help reduce any side effects. Blood tests may be needed to check for any unwanted effects. Do not take escitalopram with a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor (eg, isocarboxazid [Marplan®], linezolid (Zyvox ...A certain cause–effect relationship between drug exposure and microscopic colitis has only been ...Lexapro© (generic escitalopram) is a widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drug. Lexapro was FDA-approved for the treatment of MDD (major depressive disorder) and GAD (generalized anxiety disorder). SSRIs are also prescribed off-label for a wide variety of conditions such as OCD, PTSD, panic attacks, premenstrual dysphoria ...The phase IV clinical study analyzes which people take Lexapro and have Ulcerative colitis. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 75,368 people who have side effects when taking Lexapro from the FDA, and is updated regularly. You can use the study as a second opinion to make health care decisions.The combination of Lexapro and alcohol should be avoided due to potentially dangerous side effects. Even a small amount of alcohol can lead to a large amount of unpleasant effects. Mixing these two substances may actually lead to heightened symptoms of depression and anxiety. By taking Lexapro, you’re given a sense of relief.Mar 14, 2018 · Others may notice the medication kicking in within 1 to 3 weeks of treatment initiation. Within 8 weeks: It is estimated that over 80% of Lexapro users will report the medication working within 4 to 8 weeks of administration. If you don’t notice Lexapro working in the early days or weeks of treatment, understand that 8 weeks may be needed for ... May 2, 2022 · The most common symptoms of Lexapro withdrawal—occurring in more than one in four people—are: Dizziness. Muscle tension. Chills. Confusion. Trouble concentrating. Trouble remembering things. Crying. Dizziness, muscle tension, and chills each affect about 44% of people discontinuing Lexapro. Posted 5/6/2009 10:10 PM (GMT -8) Up until 2002 my bowel motions were normal, then I started taking Paxil in 2002 and almost immediately my bowel motions changed. I had more gas and bloating and the stool moved quicker through my intestine. It didnt worry me too much but now i have UC I'm wondering if the anti-depressant was the original cause.It is not known if citalopram or escitalopram can make it harder to get pregnant. Studies in animals found that citalopram might cause some reduced fertility (ability to get pregnant). Does taking citalopram or escitalopram increase the chance of miscarriage? Miscarriage is common and can occur in any pregnancy for many different reasons. Jan 25, 2023 · As noted, both medications block serotonin reuptake in the body, leading to increased levels of the neurotransmitter. 1. While Lexapro and Zoloft work in the same ways, they each have different chemical compositions and associated side effects. A prescriber will determine which medication is better suited for a patient. Nov 8, 2021 · sweating, dry mouth, increased thirst, loss of appetite; nausea, constipation; yawning; nosebleed, heavy menstrual periods; or. decreased sex drive, impotence, or difficulty having an orgasm. This ... Microscopic colitis is a common cause of chronic watery diarrhea that becomes more common as we age. Two types of microscopic colitis are collagenous and lymphocytic colitis. Patients with microscopic colitis typically present with chronic, watery, non-bloody diarrhea.Lexapro; Canadian Brand Name. ACT-Escitalopram ODT; Descriptions. Escitalopram is used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). It is an antidepressant that belongs to a group of medicines known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medicines work by increasing the activity of the chemical serotonin in the ...1- My very real struggle with postpartum depression/post-weaning anxiety. (May 2019) 2- Postpartum depression and anxiety update. (August 2019) I’ve lost count of the sweet mamas who have reached out to me over the past year who were also experiencing PPD or post-weaning depression. Many of you have also had great Lexapro success as well ...A flexible-dose trial of Lexapro (10 to 20 mg/day) demonstrated the effectiveness of Lexapro [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. If the dose is increased to 20 mg, this should occur after a minimum of three weeks. Adults . The recommended dose of Lexapro is 10 mg on ce daily. A fixed-dose trial of Lexapro de monstrated the effectiveness of both 10 This section describes the typical Lexapro dose. The recommended dosage is the same for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. The typical dosage range is 10 milligrams (mg ...Background: Microscopic colitis is an increasingly common cause of watery diarrhoea. Several classes of medications have been associated with microscopic colitis in prior studies. Aims: To determine the association between the use of previously implicated medications and microscopic colitis.This medicine can cause low sodium levels. Very low sodium levels can be life-threatening, leading to seizures, passing out, trouble breathing, or death. If you are 65 or older, use Lexapro (escitalopram solution) with care. You could have more side effects. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan on getting pregnant, or are breast-feeding.Suicidal thoughts. High temperature (>38°C/>100.4°F), agitation, confusion, twitching, trembling. Serious Allergic Reactions presenting with an itchy, red, swollen, or blistering rash; Trouble breathing and wheezing: Tightness in the chest or throat; Swelling in the mouth, tongue, lips, face, or throat.The combination of Lexapro and alcohol should be avoided due to potentially dangerous side effects. Even a small amount of alcohol can lead to a large amount of unpleasant effects. Mixing these two substances may actually lead to heightened symptoms of depression and anxiety. By taking Lexapro, you’re given a sense of relief.Lexapro can cause mild or serious side effects. The following lists contain some of the key side effects that may occur while taking Lexapro. These lists do not include all possible side effects.Escitalopram is also used to treat generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; excessive worry and tension that disrupts daily life and lasts for 6 months or longer) in adults, teenagers, and children 7 years of age and older. Escitalopram is in a class of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The phase IV clinical study analyzes which people take Lexapro and have Ulcerative colitis. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 75,368 people who have side effects when taking Lexapro from the FDA, and is updated regularly. You can use the study as a second opinion to make health care decisions.May 5, 2010 · The incidence of microscopic colitis (MC) is increasing, but its etiology remains unknown. Case reports and limited controlled data suggest that commonly prescribed drugs may be triggers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of selected medication use [Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), and ... Lexapro can cause night sweats and increased sweating overall (night and day) was one of the most common side effects reported with Lexapro, reported by 3% to 8% (depending on the dose) of people. Although night sweats can be worrisome, they usually diminish with time as your body and brain adjust to the medication. Continue readingBackground: Microscopic colitis is an increasingly common cause of watery diarrhoea. Several classes of medications have been associated with microscopic colitis in prior studies. Aims: To determine the association between the use of previously implicated medications and microscopic colitis.Lexapro (escitalopram) and Paxil (paroxetine) are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants used to treat depression. Lexapro is also used to treat anxiety disorders. Side effects of Lexapro and Paxil that are similar include nausea, headaches, diarrhea, difficulty sleeping (insomnia), drowsiness, dry mouth, increased sweating, and changes in appetite.Jan 17, 2023 · Escitalopram (Lexapro) is available as both a tablet and a liquid. Some people notice an improvement in their condition as early as a week after they start treatment. Some common side effects of escitalopram (Lexapro) include nausea, trouble sleeping, and drowsiness. For some people, these side effects go away or lessen over time. May 6, 2009 · Posted 5/6/2009 10:10 PM (GMT -8) Up until 2002 my bowel motions were normal, then I started taking Paxil in 2002 and almost immediately my bowel motions changed. I had more gas and bloating and the stool moved quicker through my intestine. It didnt worry me too much but now i have UC I'm wondering if the anti-depressant was the original cause. Ask questions and get answers about Lexapro. Our support group helps people share their own experience. 609 questions, 2155 members, 11 news articles.Lexapro is the trademark name for the generic drug escitalopram, an antidepressant medication. Like Zoloft (sertraline), it is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that was introduced in the late 1980s. Available in pill or liquid form, it's prescribed to treat a variety of mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety.Posted 5/6/2009 10:10 PM (GMT -8) Up until 2002 my bowel motions were normal, then I started taking Paxil in 2002 and almost immediately my bowel motions changed. I had more gas and bloating and the stool moved quicker through my intestine. It didnt worry me too much but now i have UC I'm wondering if the anti-depressant was the original cause.

How to take it. The way to take this medicine is: Oral. This medicine is taken by mouth. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 3 Years. Store below 30 degrees Celsius. Shelf lifetime is 2 Years. You should seek medical advice in relation to medicines and use only as directed by a healthcare professional. Always read the label.. New wendy

can lexapro cause microscopic colitis

See full list on mayoclinic.org Lexapro (escitalopram oxalate) Tablets/Oral Solution NDA 21-323/NDA 21-365 Proposed Labeling Text . responded during an initial 8-week, open-label treatment phase with Lexapro 10 or 20 mg/day, were randomized to continuation of Lexapro at their same dose, or to placebo, for up to 36 weeks of observation for relapse. Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours.Feb 21, 2023 · diarrhea. constipation. sexual side effects, such as: low sex drive. delayed ejaculation. difficulty reaching orgasm. mild allergic reaction *. Mild side effects of many drugs may go away within a ... Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines. Abciximab. Aceclofenac. Acemetacin. Acenocoumarol. Adagrasib. Alfentanil.Mar 11, 2009 · Posted 3/11/2009 6:18 PM (GMT -8) Just from my experience - Lexapro and two other anti-anxiety medications made me feel lethargic, loopy as they say, etc. I had to stop them. Finally, I tried Xanax (doctor hesitated to give me it because of possible addiction he said) and I find I can take 1/2 dose every 4 to six hours. Aug 1, 2023 · Wait 14 days after stopping escitalopram before you start taking a MAO inhibitor. If you take them together or do not wait the proper amount of time, you may develop confusion, agitation, restlessness, stomach or bowel symptoms, a sudden high body temperature, an extremely high blood pressure, or severe seizures. Apr 11, 2023 · During your first week of taking Lexapro, some of the most common side effects you might experience include: Anxiety. Constipation and gastrointestinal issues. Decreased sexual desire. Difficulty sleeping. Dizziness or shakiness. Drowsiness. Dry mouth. Fatigue. Jan 18, 2017 · A certain cause–effect relationship between drug exposure and microscopic colitis has only been ... Lexapro can sometimes cause episodes of mania, especially for patients with undiagnosed bipolar disorder. Panic attacks : Common symptoms of a panic attack include chest pain , shortness of breath , hyperventilation, trembling or shakiness, nausea , and sweating.The mix of alcohol and Lexapro can lead to more side effects than from taking Lexapro by itself. Together, the two can make you feel: Drowsy. Less alert. Less coordinated. In extreme cases ...Lexapro can cause mild or serious side effects. The following lists contain some of the key side effects that may occur while taking Lexapro. These lists do not include all possible side effects..

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